A person I would like to become

Everybody goes about life being whatever he is or doing whatever he is supposed to be, but in the heart of hearts, everyone has a longing – a longing to be someone else other than being himself. ‘What do you want to be’ is an often-asked question. If I were to be asked whom I want to be, at least for as brief a time as one day, my answer would be Mother Teresa. Mother Teresa’s life is what I would call a perfect life. To leave one’s own country and people and go to a totally alien county at a tender age to serve the underprivileged people requires tremendous strength and faith. Mother Teresa was an embodiment of purity, love, and selflessness. Mother Teresa, as everyone knows, had to endure a lot of tribulations because she started from absolutely nothing.   Yet her love and compassion for the poor and neglected made her stick to her task. Nobody can imagine the strength and determination housed in the fragile body. She was a blessed soul with a vision, and it was her faith in God and humanity that kept her going ahead with her noble task. It is a boon to even know her. So, if there is one person who I would want to be, then without any doubt, it would be Mother Teresa. Even at the peak of her popularity, Mother Teresa was simple and modest.   That a person can still be so simple in the midst of all the popularity baffles me. Her life had a purpose.   Mother Teresa has made the lives of countless people worth living.   Known also as â€Å"Saint of the Gutters,† Mother Teresa started an order of nuns, the Missionaries of Charity in Calcutta and the strength grew from 12 sisters to over 3000 in just 50 years. To see God in all His creation, especially the poor, the underprivileged, the neglected, is something very rare, and it is this rarity in her which inspired me all the more, and I would embrace any opportunity to be Mother Teresa, at least for a brief   period. Reference The Mother Teresa of Calcutta Memorial page, [Electronic Version] Retrieved on June 4, 2005, from http://www.catholic.net                                    

Discuss whether private policing can ever ensure public security

Not only is policing conveyed by an escalating array of public bodies organized at a diversity of geographical levels, but the private and municipal parts are themselves becoming more perceptible in this arena. It is far from clear, though to what degree the growth of policing services delivered by agencies other than the state police symbolizes the filling of a gap left by the incapability or disinclination of the state police to give services the public wants.It may represent changes in the nature of modern life and institutions in which the growth of these services lies along, is complementary to, the steady growth in spending on the state police and other public policing services like Environmental Health Officers or the Post Office Investigation Department.Nor is it obvious that there has been the immense growth in non-police ‘policing' which is often claimed. surely there has been a huge increase in the employment of uniformed private security personnel. owever if ‘ policing' in its broadest sense is construed to include those people who, like wardens, caretakers, park-keepers, and gamekeepers, have always been employed to guard, protect, and manage both public and private property and locations, then much of this growth may simply imitate changes in the way the task is done. What is clear is that, for a diversity of reasons, the respective roles of the police and private security organizations now increasingly be related. The boundaries between them are becoming less well defined.This is the consequence, in part at least, of a process referred to as the ‘decreasing equivalence between private property and private space'. The subsequent half of the twentieth century has seen a rapid growth in property which is privately owned but to which the public typically has access. This property includes shopping centers, built-up estates, educational institutions, parks, offices, and leisure centers. More and more public life is being performed on private property.Thus the protection of private property, a fundamental aim of private security-has increasingly come to take in the maintenance of public order as while, for example, there are demonstrations against new road construction. Private security services have intruded more and more on what used to be considered the restricted domain of the state police. The boundaries between public and private policing have further were indistinct because of the operations of an escalating number of agencies whose formal status and functional activities are hard to classify.These have most usually been referred to as ‘hybrid' or ‘grey' policing bodies. They take in, for example, the surveillance, investigative, and dogmatic sections attached to central and local government departments. The place of some of these bodies has been made even more ‘grey' by the privatization programme the government has practiced. For example the British Transport Police will persist to poli ce our railway network: they will, for the foreseeable future, give a contract service that the new railway companies have been given no option but to accept.Johsnton (1999) asserts that private policing consists of two components. ‘Commercial’ policing involves the purchase and sale of security commodities in the market place. ‘Civil’ policing consists of those voluntary policing activities undertaken by individuals and groups in civil society. The history of commercial policing in Britain is a long one, McMullan’s (1987) account of crime control in sixteenth and seventeenth century London pointing to the systematic recruitment of paid informers and thief-takers by a state unable to control unregulated areas.This is an early example of what South (1984) has referred to as ‘the commercial compromise of the state’, an invariable feature of all systems in which the commercial sector has a policing role, though one whose precise character v aries with circumstances. The private security industry is a large, lucrative, and growing part of the UK economy. Different estimates of the annual turnover of the industry are obtainable.A 1979 Home Office Green Paper suggested an annual turnover in 1976 of ?135 million and, according to the marketing consultancy Jordan and Sons, total annual sales during the early 1980s were in excess of 400 million. Jordan's 1989 and 1993 reports suggest respectively that the yearly turnover of the industry increased from ?476. 4 million in 1983 to ?807. 6 million in 1987 and ?1, 225. 6 million in 1990. One recent estimate by one of the regulatory bodies in the private security industry has put the turnover for 1994 at ?2, 827 million (Daily Telegraph, 15 August 1996).Because private security firms take up a position of trust for those who utilize them to protect their persons and property, as the evidence suggests that individuals and groups put off to people who wear uniforms intended to conju re the authority of the police, and as those who provide security services are in a position to abuse that reverence and trust, we do not think it is any longer defensible to allow the private security industry to continue unregulated. There is proof of abuse.There are undoubted cowboys on the loose and there is nothing at present to prevent disreputable and criminally-minded operators from proffering any security service they wish. Indeed, even a Government ideologically committed to reducing the amount of directive has recently come round to the view that some type of control of the private security industry is now essential. In August 1996, the Home Office announced that a statutory body to vet people wanting to work in private security was to be recognized, and that new criminal offences of utilizing an unlicensed guard and working as an unlicensed guard would be introduced.Given that these plans are both indistinct and not accompanied by any schedule for implementation. There i s currently no constitutional licensing or regulative system of any kind for the private security industry in Britain. This distinction with almost all other European countries. Britain stands practically alone in not having admission requirements for firms offering security services and, together with Germany, not setting performance rations for private security operatives. Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, the Netherlands.Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden and Switzerland all have some form of governmental control over their private security industries (de Waard J. 1993). Estimates of the size of the industry in Britain have been notoriously inaccurate. However, recent research by Jones & Newburn (1998), based on data drawn from the Yellow Pages Business Classification and the Labour Force Survey, has produced far more reliable figures. Total employment in the British contract security industry now exceeds one third of a million (333,631), with emplo yment in the ‘services and equipment sector’ (which includes guarding) standing at 182,596.This latter figure, alone, is equivalent to the total number of police and civilians employed in the 43 constabularies in England and Wales. As is the case in other countries, the most rapid area of expansion is in electronic security. Indeed, out of the total of 6,899 security companies identified in the research, no fewer than 2,547 are in the electronics sector, the remainder being in services and equipment (2,281), the provision of locks and safes (864), detective services (767) and bailiff services (440).In the case of Britain, for example, the estimation of private security employees (70,000) appears to include only those working for member companies of the British Security Industry Association, the main trade body. On the basis of these figures, Britain ranks sixth in terms of private security employees (123 per 100,000 inhabitants) and has a private security to public poli ce ratio of 0. 39:1. By using Jones & Newburn’s (1998) data, however, these estimates are transformed dramatically.This happens whether one bases calculation on guard numbers alone, or upon the total number of personnel employed in the security industry. In the first case, the figure of 182,596 guards identified in the research generates 321 security personnel per 100,000 inhabitants and a private security to public police ratio of 1:1. In the second case, 333,631 security employees generates a private security to public police ratio of 1. 85:1, a figure far in excess of the estimate for Germany, the highest ranked country in the sample.In effect, two conclusions can be drawn from Jones & Newburn’s (1998) research: that Britain has roughly one private security guard for every public police officer, a figure comparable to that found in the USA during the early 1980s (Cunningham & Taylor 1985:106); and that Britain has almost two private security employees for each polic e officer. Although there are diverse estimates of the number of organizations trading in the private security sector, and the numbers of people working, few of them emerge to be reliable.The best accessible figures suggest that, in broad terms, the number of private security employees, including those persons concerned in the manufacture and installation of security devices, is as a minimum the equivalent of the total complement of the forty-three constabularies in England and Wales; data from the government's Labour Force Survey propose that there are almost surely over 162,000 people working in the private security industry, but the actual total can be at least half as many again (Jones T. , and Newburn T. 1995).This rapid growth in private security gives a vivid image that policing involves much more than the police and what the police do. The point is made all the more obvious if one thinks that most symbolic of all police tasks, mobile patrol. It is momentarily worth consideri ng two instances where a ‘police patrol' presence is provided by personnel other than police constables. First is the Sedgefield Community Force. For several years local councils have employed in-house security operations to keep council property and employees.The Sedgefield Community Force, a local authority police force in County Durham, became operational in January 1994. The force provides a 24-hour patrolling service within the geographical confines of the District an area of 85 square miles and a population of 90,000 people. The ten patrol officers wear uniforms similar to those worn by police officers. They travel mostly in cars, though they are encouraged to leave them to patrol on foot. They received 1,284 calls from the public in their first year.Johsnton (1999) asserts that Private policing resolves the tension within that relationship: maximizing consumption by restricting access to those who might undermine the commercial imperative—drunks, beggars and the like. In most western societies—though particularly in North America—there is an increased tendency for residential space to adopt the form of mass private property, people living in private apartment blocks and gated communities, rather than in traditional streets.Though this is undoubtedly a global tendency, however, there may be variations in the speed and scope of its development. Jones & Newburn (1998) note that, in Britain, locations which would be archetypal forms of mass private property in North America (such as educational institutions, leisure complexes and hospital sites) have either been owned and run by the state or by non-market ‘hybrid’ organizations (Johnston 1992). For that reason, they suggest, ‘mass hybrid property’, rather than mass private property, may be of greater relevance to the future development of commercial policing in Britain.Though the Sedgefield Community Force provides a noticeable patrol it was set up as a n on-confrontational force and has a strategy of ‘observing and reporting' based on a presupposition of not using officers' citizen's powers of arrest. A small-scale piece of research on the Sedgefield Community Force carried out concerning six months after it was set up found that just under two-thirds of local residents said without any prompting that they had heard of the Force (I'Anson J. , and Wiles P. 1995).This part of respondents increased to three-quarters after the force was portrayed to them. There is some indication from the survey that the public feels safer as the Force was introduced, and a considerable proportion of those questioned felt that the Community Force would act to put off criminal activity. There was obvious evidence that local residents saw the Force as setting off what the local constabulary was doing.Generally respondents said they would not be happy to have the members of the Force as the sole deferrers of crime. owever when asked who they would be contented to have patrolling their streets: 91 per cent said police specials or a new rank of police patroller; 83 per cent said a council-employed community force; 43 per cent said common citizens; and 33 per cent said private security guards. A further survey of residents who had asked for help from the Sedgefield Force discovered that the immense majority of calls concerned vandalism, anti-social behavior, and nuisance — incivilities concerning which all the research evidence shows the public is usually concerned though a large minority, about a fifth, concerned straight-forward crime (Wiles P. 996).Moreover those persons calling for help were extremely appreciative of the service they received. Though direct comparisons cannot simply be made, the residents who call the Sedgefield Community Force are as a minimum as appreciative of the service they receive, conceivably more so, than are people who call the police (Bucke, 1996). The second example is the Wands worth Parks Constabulary. Under the Public Health (Amendment) Act 1907, all local authorities in England and Wales can affirm in park employees as special constables though there are few instances of any doing so.Legislation, bearing upon London only, has though been used by several boroughs in the capital to set up Parks Constabularies. in the Ministry of Housing and Local Government Provisional Order Confirmation (Greater London Parks and Open Spaces) Act 1967, Wands worth recognized its Parks Constabulary in 1985. There are thirty full-time uniformed officers and twenty-five part-timers (effectively ‘specials') in the Wands worth Parks Constabulary.They patrol the parks and open spaces in the borough — about 850 acres in all — and give security services in council premises, particularly the branch libraries, leisure centers, and youth and recreation facilities. The constables aim to act mainly as a restriction rather than an enforcement body. The problems with which they deal emerge to be similar to those dealt with in Sedgefield. They comprise incivilities linked with drunkenness, the control of dogs, the use of bicycles, and the like. however they also deal with crime.In 1994 and 1995 the Wands worth Parks Police made 105 and 134 arrests correspondingly: these included supposed offences of dishonesty (including burglary, theft, and robbery), criminal damage, gross coarseness, and drugs offences. They took their arrestees to Metropolitan Police stations where there appears to have been little complexity in getting the majority of their charges accepted. Certainly the research proof is that the relationship between the Parks Police and the Metropolitan Police is an optimistic and close one (Jones T. , and Newburn T. 998).In addition the constables monitor the CCTV cameras that are positioned in Wandsworth's parks, act as key holders in relation to a large number of local power buildings, provide a cash-in transit service for some local authority fun ctions, and accompany some local authority employees. Similar, although generally less wide-ranging, parks police also operate in Kensington and Chelsea, Barking and Dagenham and in Greenwich. The public is ever more engaged in activities in areas where policing is undertaken by private organizations.Progressively households, neighborhoods, and institutions (both public and private) are becoming dependent on commercially provided surveillance technology and patrols for their sense of security. As, demands on the police have prolonged, so the police have become reliant on skills available in, and services provided by, the private sector. This is mainly to be welcomed, and positive collaboration between the public and private sectors needs to be encouraged.There are several benefits to be gained from constructive partnership. But it is fundamental that this partnership be based on integrity. The public, pass up the police, must have confidence that the very highest standards are being uphold in any agency with which the police are affianced in partnership. For these reasons we conclude that the time has come to bring in a system of official or statutory directive of the private security industry.There is no case for granting private security personnel powers not accessible to the ordinary citizen and, as far as it is been competent to discover, there is no demand from either within or without the industry that such powers must be granted, except in very particular situation. One such circumstance is given by the contracted-out management of prisons. The Criminal Justice Act gives that the prisoner custody officers employed by the security companies now running five prisons are authorized to search prisoners and their visitors and to use such force as is essential to avert prisoners from escaping.But this kind of exception apart we can see no motive why citizens' powers are insufficient for dealing with the type of situations with which private security personnel are expected to be confronted while guarding or on patrol. Indeed, quite opposing. The fact that security personnel have no powers beyond those accessible to the ordinary citizen itself gives a desirable check on their activities and evidently demarcates, both in law and in the eyes of the public in general, what is otherwise becoming an increasingly fuzzy border between the police and private ‘policing' enterprises.The realism of private security is that their personnel are not like usual citizens. They may not have extra powers, but they have precise responsibilities, they are organized, they are usually recruited as of their physical suitability, they are dressed in a way to emphasize their capacity to coerce, they might be trained in self-defense or have experience in how to ‘handle themselves' in circumstances thought to rationalize reasonable force, they are more expected to employ force, and so on.All these influencing conditions suggest, given the extensive conc erns ‘about the de facto power exerted by private security personnel whose reliability is uncertain, whose public liability is non-existent, and whose allegiance is by definition to whomsoever pays the piper, that there is a very well-built case for ensuring that in law they exercise no more right to use force than the rest of us. We conclude that no transform in citizens' powers of arrest is reasonable.The key area, is where private security staff are concerned in the policing of space which is public -streets, housing estates, and so on — or which the public thinks to be public, although it is actually private, that is places like shopping malls, football grounds, hospitals, and so on. We believe any new form of regulation must certainly cover the work of private security guards, together with contract and in-house guards. The Home Affairs Select Committee excluded in-house staff from its commendations for regulation.However, though the evidence signifies that there a re fewer complaints concerning in house security services, the fact that there is considerable mobility between the contract and the in-house sectors leads us to believe that any new system of licensing must cover both. Moreover, given their role concerning either private property or private space to which the public have access, equally nightclub door staff and installers of electronic surveillance and security equipment ought, in our finding, also to come within a new system of directive.

Essay on The Business Plot - 1262 Words

If someone were to ask you if you could imagine a world where the United States was a fascist dictatorship, you would most likely, laugh in his or her face. After all, the United States is the poster child of a capitalistic society and even has that American dream. What people don’t realize is that in 1933 a group of elite businessmen and some powerful companies tried to plot the staging of a coup with the help of a Marine Corps Major General by the name of Smedley Butler. This may have been plotted because of the financial situation the United States was in at the time, and was eventually brought to the attention of Congress during a hearing through his testimony. Also, because there is evidence supporting this theory I do believe it;†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"During this [time], [a now] retired Marine Corps General Smedley Darlington Butler was approached by two members of the American Legion: Bill Doyle, and Gerald C. MacGuire.† This Legion operated under the guise of a veteran’s rights society. The men, initially approached Butler to speak at a nearing meeting; they explained that they were hoping that Butler’s speech would persuade the others members that they needed to remove the current management – something that could be called conditioning or a sort of test. Even though Butler listened to what they had to say, he had refused on the grounds that he did not want to interfere. Coming up with a new plan the two men approached Butler again, this time discreetly offering him $100,000 in bank deposits. After Butler arrived, â€Å"in the spectator gallery the Legionnaires were to leap to their feet demanding he speak. MacGuire then produced the prepared speech he wanted Butler to give.† The speech given was suspicious sounding in nature, it â€Å"was to convince the veterans, who were due a second bonus payment, that if they were not paid in money backed by gold, their bonuses would be compromised.† Another attempt to condition and/or test on Butler to see if he could do their bidding. These men underestimated or pretty much ignored Butler’s support for Roosevelt and his patriotism, which, for a fact, wasn’t a secret. After many meetings MacGuire eventuallyShow MoreRelatedEssay on Second Character Role in Hamlet by William Shakespeare1355 Words   |  6 PagesHamlet by William Shakespeare and the novel Fifth Business by Robertson Davies, the secondary characters Horatio and Dunstan Ramsay respectively both play a crucial role in the fulfillment of â€Å"Fifth Business†. 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Organizational behavior - 1577 Words

Organizational Behavior: An Analysis of Helm Fire and Rescue Company Introduction Organizational Behavior is referred to as the study of individuals and their relative behavior subject to the existing organizational environment. The concept applies in a diverse workplace setting in different ways and had diverse impacts to the organization. Organizational behavior field includes communication, sociology, psychology, and management. The concept is subject to both internal and external factors affecting the organization. The formula for success in business as noted by Millstein et al. (1998, p.7) requires two elements including the external environment and the individual. Major scholars have also noted that removing one of these values is†¦show more content†¦The findings provided from the analysis indicated that a Helm fire and rescue service was an effective organization though in some of the departments, it required improvements. 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The purpose of study this subject from regulatoryRead MoreOrganizational Culture And Organizational Behavior Essay922 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction Culture play major role within the organization. It exists and plays a very crucial role in carving organization’s behavior. Organizational culture positively influences organizational behavior. People join number of organizations during their life. The organizations act as social tools to build the relationships between the individuals. Organizations are boundary maintaining, socially constructed and goal directed system, which focuses on the processes involved in the persistence, genesis

My Perceptions On The Wild, And The Connections - 1310 Words

Avila, Jaron ID# 23733359 Preface These writing have allowed the opportunity to expand my perceptions on the wild, and the connections I have with environments that surround my daily encounters. I have compares some of these experiences to the readings such as â€Å"To build a fire† and â€Å"Buckeye†, as both stories convey ideas of survival, sentimental values, and inner connections with nature and learning to understand it better as individuals. This has been a great opportunity to relearn the ideas we conceive about nature and how in some ways, we as people take for granted. It is important to understand these refreshed ideas about nature, to better ourselves as humans and to care for the environments we call home. Essays on Place #1 The place†¦show more content†¦I am connected to this place. As I stare into the horizon feeling at ease, my patience and demeanor resemble the soothing sound of the waves and the breeze. As a student of Hilo, I feel fortunate to be here and to be a part of its scene. The mountainous coast engulfs my body with its spectacular views. The light blue-gray colors of the water travel to its navy blue horizon. My emotions and physical being feel refreshed, rejuvenated, tempered down to a slow pace and feeling relaxed. After jumping in and eagerly swimming around the shallow coves, I swim back to the ledge where I had been sitting, and from which I was taking in the view. The warm humid breeze and the clouded sun dry me with ease and I hardly notice. I continue to embrace and enjoy the visual beauties of Hawaii, feeling blessed to have this privilege. Essays on Place #2 There were a few reasons why I decided to write about the coast of Hilo bay. The main reason was it had an open area to observe, and that it was not secluded and close quartered as some of the other areas I thought of. This area felt more accessible to particular subjects I could touch on, rather than having to feel limited. Hilo bay is open wide with its brisk coastal breeze and the ocean waters, offering a sense of purity and oneness with nature. It would be hard to imagine if others thought this was a place of dread or unsettledness, though I could imagine that others might view

Case Study Residence Source and Ordinary Income

Questions: Case Study 1: Residence and Source Case Study 2: Ordinary Income Answers: Case study 1: Issue From this scenario, Kit is the resident of Australia. Kit works for an American company that is located in Australia. His salary is paid in his account in an Australian Bank Westpac Bank' (Benjamin, 2010). Kit is the owner of this Australian bank and also he has a joint account. Conversely, Kit is a resident of Chile and also he is measured as the resident of Australia as because he has to make a permission of the double nationality. In some cases, this type of context describes that Kit is a citizen of Australia where he works for the American company which is situated in Australia. Using the kit is keeping a Chilean residency and at the same time he is also measured as an Australian citizenship since Kit has a double nationality. However, Kit is considered as a resident of Australia for the tax purpose as Kit has a residential house in Australia (BLACK and BALDWIN, 2010). Conversely, his wife needs to be also resided in the Australia almost half of the time in a year. Most of the t ime periods Kit needs to stay in the coasts of Indonesia and during the holidays also he remains in Australia. But Kit mostly needs to stay in Chile where Kit is considered to be a resident. The issue is whether Kit is a true citizen of Australia or not and whether he needs to pay Australian Tax as per the rules and regulations. Law From this context, taxation law that is arranged by the Australian Taxation Office (ATO), this type of following characteristics are needed to be checked and which justified the Australian citizenship of an individual: In case of a person who comes to Australia with members of their family on several types of trips and also taking into consideration the reason behind the trip. The association the individual has with the country, along with the family members, who are staying in the country (Case presentations, 2009). The members of the family of the person, who live in Australia. In the situation when the individual under consideration is an employee of Australia If the person should have any bank account, like Westpac bank in Australia If an individual possesses any assets like house, land, etc. and also a person that continues in Australia as an emigrant. While staying in Australia, an Australian citizen needs to follow three main types of rule and they are: State, Federal and Local. As per the Australian Taxation Office, each and every citizen of Australia is liable to pay taxes for the money they earn in Australia. Analysis From this particular case study it can be understood that Kit is a resident of the both countries of Australia and Chile since he is an employee in Australia (Covaleski, Dirsmith and Weiss, 2013). Kit receives his salary in the bank account of "Westpac bank" in Australia. Kit is also the joint owner of a bank account with his wife. Kit is also a resident of Chile, and he is considered as the resident of Australia because he has an authorization of double nationality. Moreover, Kit also has a home in Australia (Findlay, 2013). This is another reason for which Kit got the citizenship of Australia. As per the Australian Taxation Act, if a person buys any asset like that of house, land, etc. in Australia then he or she is bound to be considered as a citizen of Australia. Therefore the individual needs to pay the taxes as per the Australian Taxation Law. As a result of this, the income of Kit will fall under the category of assessable income like any other Australian citizen as he is cons idered to be a proper citizen of Australia. Conclusion Therefore as per the terms and conditions of Australian Citizenship and Australian Taxation Law, Kits income falls under the category of assessable income (Hoogsteder et al., 2014). Thus under any circumstances or situation, Kit is bound to pay the taxes by following the specific rules and regulation of the Australian Taxation Office. Case Study 2: i) Californian Copper Syndicate Ltd v Harris (Surveyor of Taxes) (1904) 5 TC 159 According to this scenario or the context, in the case, the whole aim of the California Copper Syndicate was to obtain the assets or the land that fully consisted copper. However, the business did not make any endeavor to extract the copper from the land or the ground. At last, the land was sold by the organization in Australia to another company. The verdict of the court was that the organization or the firm was legally liable to give the income tax to the Australian government because the money that it earned by selling the land was not a part of capital gain and thus has to fall under the category of ordinary income (Issue Information, 2016). As per the guidelines in the Australian Taxation law, the corporation is ready to pay their income tax on that amount that it got through selling the land. ii) Scottish Australian Mining Co Ltd v FC of T (1950) 81 CLR 188 In this particular scenario, a trade of the coal mining was established by a corporate on a land which had been bought by them (WALLER, 2007). After a point of time, the corporation removed or cleared the coal and also took the decision to sell the ground land for money or the revenue. Accordingly, to obtain more benefits from the deal the corporate subdivided this land and also built another framework on it so that it becomes more valuable. However, as per the court verdict, made by the organization was done in order to beautify the land and to gain more benefits and revenue from it (Kurtz, 2010). Moreover, since the organization is not in the business of real estate, any transaction of land by this company will not fall under the category of ordinary income. The verdict given by the court said that the company would benefit in a better way if they are able to subdivide the land. Thus through the analysis and evaluation of the situation, the organization is not legally liable to pay taxes as the money earned through this is not their ordinary income. iii) FC of T v Whit fords Beach Pty Ltd (1982) 150 CLR In this case, the taxpayer under consideration has paid the tax for a land that is located in the front of the beach of white fords. The ground or the land can be utilized for the purpose of fishery as it is situated just beside the sea beach. After a point of time the difficult shares of the business were sold out (Mayer, 2009). The newly became shareholders of the organization and got the ground or the land after getting the management power and also took the decision of trading and subdividing the land in order to increase the shares of their own profits. But after the land was subdivided there was a disagreement amongst the shareholders about whether the profit would be added to their ordinary income or not. Ultimately, the verdict of the court was that the shareholders need to take the responsibility of managing the ground or the land in order to generate revenue from it (O'Neill, 2006). As a consequence of this, the shareholders started a new business of land development so tha t the income generated from it would become a part of their ordinary income. Also, to trade the ground under the team need to be measured as such a simple or the ordinary profits or the income to the Section 26(a) of ITAA (1983)(Taylor, 2011)|. The court verdict was that the revenues or the profits derived from that it needs to be measured as the simple or the ordinary income or the profits. Iv) Statham Anor v FC of T 89 ATC 4070 This type of scenario is closely related to the income tax system. The tax was assessed for quite a long period of time. But after a point of time the decision was taken that the commissioner would take control and responsibility of the income that would be derived from the land (Parker, 2012). The profits or the income is ordinary and the tax should be levied on it as per the rules of the Australian Taxation Law. V) Casimaty v FC of T 7 ATC 5135 This particular case elaborates the situation where ones profits can be decreased. The situation is that a person wants to make some profit by selling a part of the land owned by him (Santos Arvalo and Garca Trallero, 2014). But the problem arises in the fact that whether the profit made by the individual through the selling of the land will fall under assessable income or not. As per the Australian Taxation Act Section 25(1) of ITAA (1983), the income made by that individual would be considered to be taxable. Vi) Moana Sand Pty Ltd v FC of T 88 ATC 4897 A company related to the sand business through ordinary income in the country Australia, and it was keeping a land after clearing the sand from this (Seibel, 2008). As because the land was for commercial use, the court give the decision that the profits or the income need to be measured as an ordinary or single income. Vii) Crow v FC of T 88 ATC 4620 In this context, the taxpayer is a farmer. The farmer to intends to buy a plot of land though there is a disagreement disagreement (Stappen et al., 2014). The farmer would benefit if he gets the land. According to this scenario, it need not fall under an ordinary or a single income or the profits. Viii) McCurry Anor v FC of T 98 ATC 4487 In this case, there is a land owned by two brothers. There are some houses present on the land (Tholen, 2013). In order to renovate the land, the homes are needed to be cleared. The problem occurred when there was confusion about whether two brothers need to pay the taxes or not. The verdict of the court also said that they need not pay the taxes. References Benjamin, D. (2010). Rethinking Nonintervention.Public Integrity, 12(3), pp.201-218. BLACK, J., and BALDWIN, R. (2010). Really Responsive Risk-Based Regulation.Law Policy, 32(2), pp.181-213. Case presentations. (2009).Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery Psychiatry, 80(11), pp.e2-e2. Covaleski, M., Dirsmith, M. and Weiss, J. (2013). The social construction, challenge and transformation of a budgetary regime: The endogenization of welfare regulation by institutional entrepreneurs.Accounting, Organizations and Society, 38(5), pp.333-364. Findlay, M. (2013).Contemporary challenges in regulating global order. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. Hoogsteder, L., van Horn, J., Stams, G., Wissink, I. and Hendriks, J. (2014). The Relationship Between the Level of Program Integrity and Pre- and Post-Test Changes of Responsive-Aggression Regulation Therapy (Re-ART) Outpatient: A Pilot Study.International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 60(4), pp.435-455. Issue Information. (2016).Clinical and Experimental Optometry, 99(2), pp.e2-e2. Kurtz, R. (2010). Oil Pipeline Regulation, Culture, and Integrity.Public Integrity, 13(1), pp.25-40. Mayer, T. (2009). Honesty and Integrity in Academic Economics.Challenge, 52(4), pp.16-24. O'Neill, W. (2006). Pyrophosphate, Alkaline Phosphatase, and Vascular Calcification.Circulation Research, 99(2), pp.e2-e2. Parker, C. (2012). Twenty years of responsive regulation: An appreciation and appraisal.Regulation Governance, 7(1), pp.2-13. Santos Arvalo, M. and Garca Trallero, O. (2014). Anemia falciforme: a propsito de un caso.Anales de Pediatra, 80(1), pp.e1-e2. Seibel, H. (2008). Islamic Microfinance in Indonesia: The Challenge of Institutional Diversity, Regulation, and Supervision.Journal of Social Issues in Southeast Asia, 23(1), pp.86-103. Stappen, I., Wanner, J., Tabanca, N., Wedge, D., Ali, A., Khan, I., Kaul, V., Lal, B., Jaitak, V., Gochev, V., Girova, T., Stoyanova, A., Schmidt, E. and Jirovetz, L. (2014). Chemical Composition and Biological Effects of Artemisia maritima and Artemisia nilagirica Essential Oils from Wild Plants of Western Himalaya.Planta Med, 80(13), pp.E2-E2. Tholen, B. (2013). Dirty Hands or Political Virtue?.Public Integrity, 15(2), pp.187-202. WALLER, V. (2007). The Challenge of Institutional Integrity in Responsive Regulation: Field Inspections by the Australian Taxation Office.Law Policy, 29(1), pp.67-83.

Scheme of Work Essay Example Essay Example

Scheme of Work Essay Example Paper Scheme of Work Essay Introduction Laboratory equipment safety?Sensory evaluation -Understand the importance of safety when conducting experiments -Plan carry out experimental work to test food preparation and processes -Conduct a simple food sensory test -Introduction to Design Folio and grading scheme Assignment to be given to students A simple sensory test on fruit juices 2SCIENCE of food preparation?Reasons for cooking food Heat transference?Methods of cooking -Explain reasons for cooking food -Describe how heat is transferred when food is cooked by conduction, convection, radiation and microwave -Describe the principles of the different methods of cooking Baking – biscuits (bake at different levels in oven – compare heat zones) 1PROTEINS Reactions in food during preparation and cooking-State the elements of proteins -List the sources of proteins -Explain the functions of proteins in the diet -Differentiate between; Indispensable and dispensable amino acids and give examples? High and low biologica l value proteins and give examples -Define denaturation, coagulation, gelatinisation and maillard browning -Explain the advantages of the above various reactions on food preparation and cookingFood test on protein (pg. 11 Anita Tull) Egg omelette – denaturation coagulation Omelette filling – gelatinisation Scones – maillard browning Written test – methods of cooking and heat transference D/N – Duration FOOD NUTRITION SCHEME OF WORK 2004 CARBO-HYDRATES Reactions in food during preparation and cooking-State the elements of carbohydrates -List the sources of carbohydrates -Explain the functions of carbohydrates in the diet -Differentiate between the types of carbohydrates – monosaccharide disaccharide and polysaccharide and give examples -Define dextrinisation -Explain the advantages of the above reaction on food preparation and cookingFood test on carbohydrates (pg. 11 Anita Tull) Biscuits – dextrinisation Written test – protei n 1FATS Reactions in food during preparation and cooking-State the elements of fats -List the sources of fats -Explain the functions of fats in the diet -Differentiate between the types of fats – saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated and give examples -Define emulsion, enzymic browning and oxidation -Explain the advantages of the above various reactions on food preparation and cookingFrench dressing – using different oils (olive oil, butter vegetable oil) Emulsion Test on prevention of enzymic browning in fruits 1VITAMINS-List the sources of vitamins A,B,C,D,E K Classify them into fat (A,D,E K) and water soluble (B thiamin, riboflavin, nicotine acid, folic acid, B6, B12) and C (ascorbic acid) -Compare and contrast the functions of the vitamins -Discuss the need for vitamin supplements in the dietWritten test – fats and carbohydrates 1MINERALS-List the sources of minerals calcium, phosphorous, iron, sodium chloride, potassium and iodine -Explain the f unctions of the minerals -Discuss the need for mineral supplements in the dietWritten test – vitamins 1WATER DIETARY FIBRE-Explain the importance of water in the body -Define dietary fibre (NSP) Classify dietary fibre and name their sources?Soluble (non-cellulose eg. pectin and gums in fruit, vegetables, legumes and cereals)? Insoluble (cellulose eg. stems, leaves of vegetables, coverings and seeds of grains) Scheme of Work Essay Body Paragraphs Explain the functions of dietary fibre in the dietWritten test – minerals FOOD NUTRITION SCHEME OF WORK 2004 TERM 2 D/NCHAPTERSCONTENTSACTIVITIES 2HEALTH PROBLEMS associated with diet-Define the term malnutrition (as a lack of balance in the diet due to a shortage / excess of particular nutrients) -Discuss the common health problems associated with diet: Obesity, hypertension, diabetes, colorectal cancer, coronary heart diseases, osteoporosis, anaemia, night-blindness, eating disorders -Explain how inadequate / excessive intake of nutrients are linked to health problems -Infer form data the relationship between diet and health problemsSurf the internet for information – www. fitforlife. com www. mayohealth. org. com www. healthwell. com www. geocities. com www. nutrition. com Written test – water and dietary fibre 2MEAL PLANNING AND MEAL ANALYSIS?Balanced diet?Factors to consider Explain the term â€Å"balanced diet† -Elaborate on the importance of having a balanced diet -Identify the factors to consider when planning meals;?Physiological: age, gender, metabolic rate, level of physical activity, health status? Psychological: individual preferences, emotional needs, food as punishment / reward? Environmental: ethnic customs and traditions, religions, parental / peer / media influence? Social and economic: value for money, shopping trends and facilities -Deduce from data gathered through interviews / surveys the extent media has n consumer’s food choicesWritten test / online test – health problems FOOD NUTRITION SCHEME OF WORK 2004 D/NCHAPTERSCONTENTSACTIVITIES 2HEALTHY MEALS Guidelines Calorie intake Identify the Singapore National Dietary Guidelines (SNDG) and explain how each can be applied to plan healthy meals:? Eat a variety fo foods?Maintain desirable body weight?Reduce total fat intake?Reduce sugar intake?Reduce salt intake?Increase dietary fibre?Modify and create recipes to suit different dietary needs -State t he unit measurement for energy (KJ, Kcal) Explain the concept of energy balance -Apply knowledge and understanding when planning and preparing meals to meet different requirements -Analyze, modify / create and evaluate meals using nutritional tools such as the Healthy Diet Pyramid, Recommended Daily Dietary Allowances (RDA) and Food Composition Tables Worksheet – to calculate the RDA and modify a week’s menus for a specific group of people Written test – meal planning 1FOOD LABELS-Identify the basic food information of a food label -Differentiate between a food label and a nutrition label Interpret and apply information found on nutrition labels eg. serving sizes, list of nutrients, % daily values, calorie conversion guide -Deduce from the information given on nutrition labels to make a better choice -Correlate nutritional information found on nutrition labels to an individual’s RDA requirement -Explain the following nutritional claims used on food labels :? â€Å"Free† eg. sugar free, fat free?†Low†, â€Å"less† eg. low fat, low cholesterol, low calorie, less fat? â€Å"Light†, â€Å"lite†?†More†, â€Å"enriched†, â€Å"fortified† â€Å"Reduced† -Differentiate the above nutritional claims -Identify the possible errors on food labels eg. cholesterol free, low fat Hand in assignment Design a food label using food works software. FOOD NUTRITION SCHEME OF WORK 2004 TERM 3 D/NCHAPTERSCONTENTSACTIVITIES 1MEAT-List the nutritive composition of meat -Compare and contrast the nutritional composition of different food commodities -Choose food in relation to cost, quality and nutritive value -Select and store perishable and dry foods Use a variety of foods in the preparation of meals (including TVP) -Investigate and compare a particular food commodityExperiment on effects of heat on meat 1FISH-List the nutritive composition of fish -Compare and contrast the nutritional c omposition of different food commodities -Choose food in relation to cost, quality and nutritive value -Select and store perishable and dry foods -Use a variety of foods in the preparation of meals (including TVP) -Investigate and compare a particular food commodityExperiment on effects of heat on fish Written test – meat 1EGGS-List the nutritive composition of eggs Compare and contrast the nutritional composition of different food commodities -Choose food in relation to cost, quality and nutritive value -Select and store perishable and dry foods -Use a variety of foods in the preparation of meals (including TVP) -Investigate and compare a particular food commodityExperiment on effects of heat on egg Written test – fish 1DAIRY PRODUCTS-List the nutritive composition of dairy products -Compare and contrast the nutritional composition of different food commodities -Choose food in relation to cost, quality and nutritive value -Select and store perishable and dry foods Use a variety of foods in the preparation of meals (including TVP) -Investigate and compare a particular food commodityExperiment on effects of heat on cheese and milk Written test – eggs FOOD NUTRITION SCHEME OF WORK 2004 D/NCHAPTERSCONTENTSACTIVITIES 1CEREALS-List the nutritive composition of cereals Compare and contrast the nutritional composition of different food commodities -Choose food in relation to cost, quality and nutritive value -Select and store perishable and dry foods Use a variety of foods in the preparation of meals (including TVP) -Investigate and compare a particular food commodityWritten test – dairy products Food test on flour – Bake small cakes using different types of flour and compare results 1FRUITS VEGETABLES-List the nutritive composition of fruits and vegetables -Compare and contrast the nutritional composition of different food commodities -Choose food in relation to cost, quality and nutritive value -Select and store perishable and d ry foods Use a variety of foods in the preparation of meals (including TVP) -Investigate and compare a particular food commodityExperiment on effects of heat on fruits and vegetables Written test – cereals 2SCIENCE of food processing?Food handling?Microbial and chemical spoilage?Food preservation -Practice safe handling of food -State causes of food spoilage -Suggest ways to avoid and reduce the risk of food spoilage when preparing and storing a range of foods -Explain the advantages of micro-organisms in foods -State the function and purpose of food preservation List and explain the additives commonly found in food such as salt, sugar, vinegar, sodium nitrate, flavourings, colourings etc. Written test – fruits and vegetables Experiment on food preservation FOOD NUTRITION SCHEME OF WORK 2003 D/NCHAPTERSCONTENTSACTIVITIES 2DIGESTION-Describe briefly the process of digestion and absorption -State the action of digestive juices and enzymes on nutrients -Explain the absor ption of nutrients in the small intestinesCD-ROM and worksheet Written test – food preservation 4PART B -To carry out Part B of the assignmentWritten test – digestion We will write a custom essay sample on Scheme of Work Essay Example specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Scheme of Work Essay Example specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Scheme of Work Essay Example specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer